Operation Dani

 ( Dani ) 

Operation Dani, also spelled Danny, was an Israeli military offensive launched on July 9–19, 1948 at the end of the of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Yishuv and forces in Jerusalem. The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregularsChaim Herzog, 'The Arab-Israeli Wars' (1982). page 80: 'A blow against the Arab Legion was the essence of Operation 'Danny' planned as the main Israeli offensive to be mounted on the resumption of hostilities.'

On 10 July, Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to "make arrangements ... for a phony war".

The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin. The total force numbered around 6,000 soldiers.

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Name The operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel Mass, who had fallen on January 16, 1948, while commanding a relief action known as "Convoy of 35".

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Objectives The first phase of Operation Dani was to capture the cities of Lod and Ramle, located on the road to Jerusalem, southeast of Tel Aviv. Ramle was one of the main obstacles blocking Jewish transportation.Golan, Arnon. "Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67," Middle Eastern Studies, October 1, 2003 From the start of the war, Lydda and Ramle militiamen had attacked Jewish traffic on nearby roads.Morris 2004, p. 424 Ramle became a focal point for blocking Jewish transportation, forcing traffic from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv to a southern bypass. Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67. by Golan, Arnon

The second phase was to capture the fort at Latrun and break through Ramallah. The operation was carried out under Palmach command using the Yiftach Brigade, the Harel Brigade, the 8th Armored Brigade and two from the Kiryati Brigade and Alexandroni .

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Lydda and Ramle On 9 July units from the Yiftach Brigade began approaching Ramle from the south. At the same time troops from the other brigades began attacking villages north of Lydda. Caught in a pincer movement and with only a token Arab Legion presence the two towns were captured the following day. This put Lydda airport and the strategic railway station at Ramle in Israeli hands.

As part of the 1948 Palestinian expulsions, Israeli forces violently expelled 50,000-70,000 people from Lydda and Ramle, killing hundreds.

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Latrun The second phase of the operation failed after several costly attacks on Arab Legion positions in the Battle of Latrun and the threat of a UN-imposed cease-fire.Herzog, page 82.

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Casualties The Palmach record the names of ninety-one of its members killed during this Operation. Forty-four were killed at Shilta on 18 July 1948. Seven were killed in the capture of Lydda.

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Palestinian Arab communities captured

Dayr Tarif	9 July 1948	Arab Legion	Armoured Brigade Kiryati Brigade	1,750
Al-Tira	10 July 1948	n/a	Alexandroni Brigade 8th Armoured Brigade	1,290
Daniyal	10 July 1948	n/a	Yiftach Brigade	410
Kharruba	10 July 1948	n/a	Yiftach Brigade	170
al-Barriyya	9–10 July 1948	n/a	n/a	510
'Innaba	10 July 1948	200 villagers	Yiftach Brigade 8th Brigade	1,420
Jimzu	10 July 1948	n/a	Yiftach Brigade	1,150
Rantiya	10 July 1948	n/a	8th Armoured Brigade 3rd Battalion, Alexandroni Brigade	590
Lod	11 July 1948	n/a	3rd Battalion, Yiftah Brigade	see Ramle
Al-Jura	11 July 1948	n/a	n/a	420
Al-Muzayri'a	12 July 1948	n/a	n/a	1,160
Ramle	12 July 1948	Arab Legion withdrew	Kiryati Brigade	50–70,000 combined with Lydda including 15,000 refugees from Jaffa
Majdal Yaba	12 July 1948	Iraqi army	2nd Battalion, Alexandroni Brigade	1,520
Al-Haditha	12 July 1948	n/a	n/a	760
Abu al-Fadl	12–13 July 1948	n/a	n/a	510
Suba, Jerusalem	12–13 July 1948	"bloodless"	Har'el Brigade	620
Khirbat al-Lawz	13–14 July 1948	n/a	Har'el Brigade	450
Sar'a	13–14 July 1948	Egyptian forces	4th Battalion Har'el Brigade	340
Sataf	13–14 July 1948	n/a	Har'el Brigade	540
Malha	14–16 July 1948	Egyptian irregulars Palestinian militia	Irgun Palmach Youth	1,940
al-Burj	15 July 1948	Arab Legion	n/a	480
Kh al-Buwayra	mid July 1948	n/a	n/a	190
Salbit	15–16 July 1948	Arab Legion	2nd Battalion, Kiryati Brigade	510
Bayt Nabala	15–16 July 1948	Arab Legion 150-200 men	n/a	2,310
Bir Ma'in	15–16 July 1948	Arab Legion	Yiftach Brigade 1st & 2nd Battalions	510
Barfiliya	15–16 July 1948	n/a	Givati and Kiryati Brigades 8th Armoured	730
Kasla	16 July 1948	n/a	Har'el Brigade	280
Dayr 'Amr Boys Farm	16 July 1948	none	4th Battalion Har'el Brigade	10
Ishwa'	16 July 1948	n/a	4th Battalion Har'el Brigade	620
Artuf	17–18 July 1948	Palestinian militia under Egyptian command	4th Battalion Har'el Brigade	350
Islin	18 July 1948	n/a	n/a	260
Shilta	18 July 1948	Arab Legion	1st Battalion, Yiftach Brigade lost 44 men withdrawing	100

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Units

• Overall Commander: Yigal Allon
• 8th Armored Brigade Commander Yitzhak SadehHerzog, page 80.
• Alexandroni Brigade
• Kiryati Brigade (two battalions)
• Yiftach Brigade Commander Mula CohenMoshe Dayan, 'My Life.' (1976). Page 103.

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Gallery

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See also

• Operation Ha-Har
• List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war
• Depopulated Palestinian locations in Israel

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Notes

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External links

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